2.  Driving off and stopping!

Stalling the engine on take-off is part of learning to drive. But if it happens too frequently, a lack of understanding the functions of accelerator and clutch may be the problem. The clutch is the link between the engine and road wheels. To better understand how it works take a look at this picture:

The small man (= the car engine) is trying to move the very large car. His strength is insufficient for the job. His power needs to increase. By pressing the accelerator we give the tiny man more strength, i.e. our engine builds up power to move the car.

But to make the man strong is not enough. His power (the engine’s power) has to be transferred to the car’s wheels. This happens every time the clutch pedal is withdrawn off the floor. The power of the engine will impact only after a certain position of the clutch pedal. It's called friction point; also called biting point. 

Withdrawing the clutch must be done in two stages: Initially, somewhat quickly to this point, where the power is starting to impact (move) the car. After a second or two, slowly withdraw the clutch further, as the vehicle moves off slowly.

From then on, once the clutch is fully engaged and the left foot rests on the floor, the accelerator controls the speed. You can now either...

... increase your speed gradually to reach your cruising speed,

... or, if you are only moving a short distance at slow speed (i.e. into a driveway, gently come off the accelerator to keep your speed as low a first gear allows.

Let's try a smooth take-off, step by step, keeping above picture in mind:

Stalling is caused by one of the following:  

Insufficient power, as the clutch is engaged (brought up). 

Taking power away halfway through the take-off procedure.

Transferring power all of a sudden. This action may result in a wheel spin, instead of stalling.

Stopping at the kerb:

1. Select early a place where stop. Ensure it's legal and safe. (Not in driveways, on yellow line or any no standing area). 

2. Check rear-view mirrors and indicate right. (More in Chapter 20).

3. The smoothest way of braking is by applying even pressure, as necessary until reaching mere crawling speed. At this point, about 1 meter (3 ft) before the actual stop, release the brake pressure and reapply very gently, with a feather touch. 

The technique is called 'feathering off the brake'. This method will achieve the smoothest of stops! Apply this anytime when stopping. Your passengers will be impressed.

4. Apply handbrake firmly.

5. Shift gear lever into 1st or Reverse (facing downhill). In automatic select Park.

6. Turn off accessories. Turn off engine. (Forgetting to turn off the lights is a common mistake in older type vehicles. A flat battery may be the result.

 

To park parallel to the kerb, allow space for the rear wheels! On the approach turn your steering wheel slightly right for the front of your vehicle to reach the kerb. Still moving forward turn it left again and aim straight ahead to judge the parallel position.
Incorrect approach!	Correct!

To ensure your vehicle is parked in a parallel position, aim your vision high, not focused on the kerb. It's a common mistake beginners make when first learning to steer. 

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Our information could vary in your part of the world. We recommend you use above information in conjunction with a professional driving instructor.

Road Safety by Dieter Fischer 2001 - Learner Driver Hub 2020.